Félix Ziem [Félix François Georges Philibert Ziem] Artist | Art for Sale | Biography, Past and Future Exhibitions

Artist | Félix Ziem (1821 - 1911)

Alias: Félix Ziem [Félix François Georges Philibert Ziem]

https://www.artist-info.com/artist/Felix-Ziem

Exhibition History

SUMMARY based on artist-info records. More details and Visualizing Art Networks on demand.
Venue types: Gallery / Museum / Non-Profit / Collector

Exhibitions in artist-info

21 (S 1/ G 20)

Did show together with - Top 5 of 646 artists
(no. of shows) - all shows - Top 100

	Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot (11)- 128
	Constant Troyon (8)- 22
	Narcisse Virgilio Díaz de la Peña [Narcisse Virgile Diaz] (8)- 28
	Charles-François Daubigny (8)- 61
	Gustave Courbet [Jean-Désiré-Gustave Courbet] (8)- 137

Exhibitions by type

21: 11 / 7 / 3 / 0

Venues by type

11: 5 / 3 / 3 / 0

Curators

artist-info records

Sep 1888 - Oct 2000

Countries - Top 4 of 4
Germany (11)
United States (6)
France (2)
Switzerland (1)

Cities - Top 5 of 10
Hamburg (5)
Detroit (5)
München (3)
Berlin (2)
Basel (1)

Venues (no. of shows ) Top 5 of 11

	The Detroit Institute of Arts (5)
	Kunstsalon Louis Bock & Sohn (5)
	Galerie Heinemann (2)
	Kunstsalon Paul Cassirer (2)
	Salle de Fêtes de Barbizon (1)

Curators (no. of shows) Top 4 of 4

Gudrun Danzer(1), Guy Isnard(1), Lucas Lichtenhan(1), Christa Steinle(1)

Offers/Requests Exhibition Announcement S / G Solo/Group Exhibitions			(..) Exhibitions + Favorites
Neue Galerie Graz - Universalmuseum Joanneum	G	Jun 2000 - Oct 2000	Graz	(84)	+0
Steinle, Christa (Curator)					+0
Danzer, Gudrun (Curator)					+0

N/A Neue Galerie Graz - Universalmuseum Joanneum Graz, Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot (1796 - 1875); Gustave Courbet (1819 - 1877); Charles-François Daubigny (1817 - 1878); Narcisse Virgilio Díaz de la Peña (1808 - 1876); Charles-Émile Jacque (1813 - 1894); Jean-François Millet (1814 - 1875); Théodore Rousseau (1812 - 1867); Constant Troyon (1810 - 1865); Félix Ziem (1821 - 1911); Christa Steinle; Gudrun Danzer;
Barbizon au temps de J.-F. Millet (1849–1875) (1/2) - Les Peintres de Barbizon
Salle de Fêtes de Barbizon	G	May 1975 - Jun 1975	Barbizon	(2)	+0
Isnard, Guy (Curator)					+0

Barbizon au temps de J.-F. Millet (1849–1875) (1/2) - 'Les Peintres de Barbizon' Salle de Fêtes de Barbizon , France Barbizon, France Auguste Paul Charles Anastasi (1820 - 1889); Antoine-Louis Barye (1796 - 1875); Léon Auguste Adolphe Belly (1827 - 1877); Karl [Jean-Charles] Bodmer (1809 - 1893); Louis Jean-Baptiste Boulanger (1812 - 1878); Jacques Raymond Brascassat (1804 - 1867); Albert Heinrich Brendel (1827 - 1895); Jules Adolphe Breton (1827 - 1906); Lazare Bruandet (1755 - 1804); Louis Nicolas Cabat (1812 - 1893); Théodore Caruelle d' Aligny (1798 - 1871); Martin Léonce Chabry (1832 - 1883); Jean-Ferdinand Chaigneau (1830 - 1906); Antoine Chintreuil (1814 - 1873); Eugène Ciceri (1813 - 1890); César de Cock (1823 - 1904); Xavier de Cock (1818 - 1896); Joseph Théodore Coosemans (1828 - 1904); Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot (1796 - 1875); Gustave Courbet (1819 - 1877); Charles-François Daubigny (1817 - 1878); Honoré Daumier (1808 - 1879); Alexandre Gabriel Decamps (1803 - 1860); Alexandre Defaux (1826 - 1900); Hippolyte Camille Delpy (1842 - 1910); Alexandre Desgoffe (1805 - 1882); Narcisse Virgilio Díaz de la Peña (1808 - 1876); Jules Dupré (1811 - 1889); Léon Victor Dupré (1816 - 1879); Constant Dutilleux (1807 - 1865); Camille Flers (1802 - 1868); François Louis Français (1814 - 1897); Georges Jean-Baptiste Gassies (1829 - 1919); Nicolae Ion Grigorescu (1838 - 1907); Henri-Joseph Harpignies (1819 - 1916); Louis Adolphe Hervier (1818 - 1879); Paul Huet (1803 - 1869); Charles-Émile Jacque (1813 - 1894); Ludwig Knaus (1829 - 1910); Alfred de Knyff (1819 - 1885); Gaston Ernest Lafenestre (1841 - 1877); Eugène Antoine Samuel Lavieille (1820 - 1889); Philippe Ledieu; Max Liebermann (1847 - 1935); Adolf Heinrich Lier (1826 - 1882); Louis Lombard (1831); Émile van Marcke (1827 - 1890); Barthélemy Menn (1815 - 1893); Jean-François Millet (1814 - 1875); Mihály von Munkácsy (1844 - 1900); Célestin François Nanteuil (1813 - 1873); François Henri Nazon (1821 - 1902); Achille François Oudinot (1820 - 1891); László Paál (1846 - 1879); Victor de Papeleu (1810 - 1881); Charles Olivier de Penne (1831 - 1897); Théodore Rousseau (1812 - 1867); GeorgEduard Otto Saal (1818 - 1870); Charles Victor Tillot (1825); Constant Troyon (1810 - 1865); Félix Ziem (1821 - 1911); Guy Isnard;
Künstlerkopien
Kunsthalle Basel	G	Sep 1937 - Oct 1937	Basel	(484)	+0
Lichtenhan, Lucas (Curator)					+0

Künstlerkopien Kunsthalle Basel , Switzerland Basel, Switzerland David Teniers II (1610 - 1690); [Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn] Rembrandt (1606 - 1669); Anthonis van Dyck (1599 - 1641); Jean-Honoré Fragonard (1732 - 1806); Jean-Antoine Watteau (1684 - 1721); Hans Heinrich Wägmann (1557 - 1628); Urs Graf (1485 - 1528); Eugène Delacroix (1798 - 1863); Peter Paul Rubens (1577 - 1640); Karl Friedrich Schinkel (1781 - 1841); Rudolph Friedrich Wasmann (1805 - 1886); Hieronymus Heß (1799 - 1850); Johann Anton Alban Ramboux (1790 - 1866); Arnold Böcklin (1827 - 1901); Hans Sandreuter (1850 - 1901); Jean-François Millet (1814 - 1875); Henri Fantin-Latour (1836 - 1904); Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (1780 - 1867); Edgar Degas (1834 - 1917); Georges-Pierre Seurat (1859 - 1891); Félix Vallotton (1865 - 1925); Albert Anker (1831 - 1910); Adolph von Menzel (1815 - 1905); Richard Parkes Bonnington (1802 - 1828); Théodore Géricault (1791 - 1824); Édouard Manet (1832 - 1883); Wilhelm Balmer (1865 - 1922); Octave Tassaert (1800 - 1874); Félix Ziem (1821 - 1911); Louis Gabriel Eugène Isabey (1803 - 1886); Frank Buchser (1828 - 1890); Ernst Stückelberg (1831 - 1903); Karl Stauffer-Bern (1857 - 1891); Barthélemy Menn (1815 - 1893); Robert Zünd (1827 - 1909); Werner Gilles (1894 - 1961); Alexander Leo Soldenhoff (1882 - 1951); Viktor Hugo Wiesmann (1892 - 1958); Maria La Roche (1870 - 1952); Victor Surbek (1885 - 1975); Carl Spitzweg (1808 - 1885); Gustav Huggler (1913 - 1940); Franz von Defregger (1835 - 1921); Max Liebermann (1847 - 1935); George Desvallières (1861 - 1950); Ernst Buchner (1886 - 1951); Walter Schneider (1903 - 1968); Willi Wenk (1890 - 1956); Paul Burckhardt (1880 - 1961); Martha Pfannenschmid (1900 - 1999); Alfred Heinrich Pellegrini (1881 - 1958); René Victor Auberjonois (1872 - 1957); Carl Egger (1872 - 1952); Esther Mengold (1877 - 1954); Paul Cézanne (1839 - 1906); Ludwig von Hagn (1820 - 1898); Eduard Karl Franz von Gebhardt (1838 - 1925); Franz von Lenbach (1836 - 1904); Gustave Courbet (1819 - 1877); Lovis Corinth (1858 - 1925); Louis Gustave Ricard (1823 - 1873); Leo von König (1871 - 1944); Sir Thomas Lawrence (1769 - 1830); Hans von Marées (1837 - 1887); Wilhelm Leibl (1844 - 1900); Johann Wilhelm Schirmer (1807 - 1863); Emil Nolde (1867 - 1953); Ernest Rouart (1874 - 1942); Albert Jakob Welti (1894 - 1965); Henri Matisse (1869 - 1954); Max Böhlen (1902 - 1971); Vincent van Gogh (1853 - 1890); Berthe Morisot (1841 - 1895); Niklaus Stoecklin (1896 - 1982); Albert Stefan Kohler (1883 - 1946); Albert Müller (1897 - 1926); Paul Basilius Barth (1881 - 1955); Wilhelm Gimmi (1886 - 1965); Maurice Denis (1870 - 1943); Marcel Poncet (1894 - 1953); Numa Donzé (1885 - 1952); Jean Jacques Lüscher (1884 - 1955); Werner Neuhaus (1897 - 1934); Hans Stettbacher (1901 - 1970); [Ernst Stocker] Coghuf (1905 - 1976); Lucien Mainssieux (1885 - 1958); Kurt Hinrichsen (1901 - 1963); Marie Lotz (1877 - 1970); Cuno Amiet (1868 - 1961); Georges Dessouslavy (1898 - 1952); Roger de La Fresnaye (1885 - 1925); Rudolf Hübscher (1898 - 1934); Robert Lotiron (1886 - 1966); Hans Purrmann (1880 - 1966); Rudolf Mülli (1882 - 1962); Fanny Brügger (1886 - 1970); Karl Otto Hügin (1887 - 1963); Oskar Schlemmer (1888 - 1943); Karl Dick (1884 - 1967); Lucas Lichtenhan;
Fleurs et Fruits
Galerie Eugène Druet	G	Jun 1933 - Jun 1933	Paris	(923)	+0

Fleurs et Fruits Galerie Eugène Druet , France Paris, France Paul Cézanne (1839 - 1906); Gustave Courbet (1819 - 1877); Eugène Delacroix (1798 - 1863); Henri Fantin-Latour (1836 - 1904); Paul Gauguin (1848 - 1903); Vincent van Gogh (1853 - 1890); Eva Gonzalès (1849 - 1883); Édouard Manet (1832 - 1883); Jean-François Millet (1814 - 1875); Claude Monet (1840 - 1926); Berthe Morisot (1841 - 1895); Camille Pissarro (1830 - 1903); Odilon Redon (1840 - 1916); Auguste [Pierre-Auguste] Renoir (1841 - 1919); Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1864 - 1901); Félix Ziem (1821 - 1911); Pierre Laprade (1875 - 1931); Jacqueline [Marie Josephine Vallet] Marval (1866 - 1932); Paul Sérusier (1864 - 1927); Félix Vallotton (1865 - 1925); [Albert Benjamin André] Albert-André (1869 - 1954); Roger Bissière (1886 - 1964); Pierre Bonnard (1867 - 1947); Pierre Brune (1887 - 1956); Maurice Denis (1870 - 1943); Henri Déziré (1878 - 1965); Georges Léon Dufrénoy (1870 - 1943); Georges d' Espagnat (1870 - 1950); Jules-Léon Flandrin (1871 - 1947); Achille Emil Othon Friesz (1879 - 1949); Odette des Garets (1891 - 1967); Wilhelm Gimmi (1886 - 1965); Charles François Prosper Guérin (1875 - 1939); Léon Lehmann (1873 - 1953); Robert Lotiron (1886 - 1966); Henri Charles Manguin (1874 - 1949); Maximilien Luce (1858 - 1941); Albert Marquet (1875 - 1947); Henri Matisse (1869 - 1954); Charles Lacoste (1870 - 1959); René Piot (1869 - 1934); Jean Puy (1876 - 1969); Ernest Rouart (1874 - 1942); Ker-Xavier Roussel (1867 - 1944); Paul Signac (1863 - 1935); Simon Lévy (1886 - 1973); Louis Valtat (1869 - 1952); Paul Véra (1882 - 1957); Jean Édouard Vuillard (1868 - 1940); Henry de Waroquier (1881 - 1970); Jules-Émile Zingg (1882 - 1942);
5th Annual Exhibition of The Dallas Art Association - at Stoneleigh Court
Dallas Museum of Art	G	Nov 1925 - Dec 1925	Dallas	(94)	+0

5th Annual Exhibition of The Dallas Art Association - 'at Stoneleigh Court' Dallas Museum of Art , United States Dallas, United States Lucien Abrams (1870 - 1941); Wayman Elbridge Adams (1883 - 1959); Rena Munger Aldredge; Eugene R. Alexander; Hermen Anglada y Camarasa (1871 - 1959); Joseph Badger (1708 - 1765); Laureano Barrau (1864 - 1957); Reveau Mott Bassett (1897 - 1981); Chester Beach (1881 - 1956); Edward Henry Berge (1876 - 1924); Paul Albert Besnard (1849 - 1934); Harriette G. Bingham (1892 - 1971); Ernest Leonard Blumenschein (1874 - 1960); Joseph Bolton; Solon Hannibal de la Mothe Borglum (1868 - 1922); Joseph Henry Boston (1860 - 1954); Sir Frank Brangwyn (1867 - 1956); Maurice Braun (1877 - 1941); Belmore Browne (1880 - 1954); Nanna Mathews Bryant (1871 - 1933); Antonio Buffalo; Soren Emil Carlsen (1853 - 1932); John Harold Carlsen (1875 - 1927); Ettore Caser (1880 - 1944); Mabel Viola Conkling (1871 - 1966); John Singleton Copley (1738 - 1815); Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot (1796 - 1875); Bruce Crane (1857 - 1937); Arthur Crisp (1881 - 1974); Randall Vernon Davey (1887 - 1964); Arthur Bowen Davies (1862 - 1928); Charles Harold Davis (1856 - 1933); Henry Golden Dearth (1864 - 1918); Eugène Delacroix (1798 - 1863); Hunt Diederich (1884 - 1953); William Herbert 'Buck' Dunton (1878 - 1936); Frank Duveneck (1848 - 1919); Edward Gustav Eisenlohr (1872 - 1961); Nicolai Ivanovich Fechin (1881 - 1955); Anna S. Fisher (1873 - 1942); Gertrude Horsford Fiske (1878 - 1961); William J. Forsyth (1854 - 1935); Ben [Benjamin] Foster (1852 - 1926); Alexis Jean Fournier (1865 - 1948); Frederick Carl Frieseke (1874 - 1939); Harriet Whitney Frishmuth (1880 - 1980); Maurice Fromkes (1872 - 1931); Emil Fuchs (1866 - 1929); Daniel Garber (1880 - 1958); Léon Schulman Gaspard (1882 - 1964); Arthur Hacker (1858 - 1919); Frederick Childe Hassam (1859 - 1935); Charles Webster Hawthorne (1872 - 1930); Robert Henri (1865 - 1929); Victor Higgins (1884 - 1949); George sr. Inness (1825 - 1894); Ernest Ludvig Ipsen (1869 - 1951); Leroy Ireland (1889 - 1970); Carl Paul Jennewein (1890 - 1978); Maude Sherwood Jewett (1873 - 1953); Elizabeth Sparhawk Jones (1885 - 1968); Frank Klepper (1890 - 1952); Leon Kroll (1884 - 1974); Landi; Ernest Lawson (1873 - 1939); Henri Eugene Augustin Le Sidaner (1862 - 1939); Jules Joseph Lefebvre (1834 - 1912); Jonas Lie (1880 - 1940); George Benjamin Luks (1867 - 1933); Nicholas Saleen Macsoud (1884 - 1972); Henri Jean Guillaume Martin (1860 - 1943); Homer Dodge Martin (1836 - 1897); Willard Leroy Metcalf (1858 - 1925); Claude Monet (1840 - 1926); Adolphe Joseph Monticelli (1824 - 1886); Francis Luis Mora (1874 - 1940); John Francis Murphy (1853 - 1921); Grace Pruden Neal (1876 - 1961); George Laurence Nelson (1887 - 1978); Robert Hogg Nisbet (1879 - 1961); Spencer Baird Nichols (1875 - 1950); Violet Oakley (1874 - 1961); Dorothy Ochtman (1892 - 1971); Leonard Ochtman (1854 - 1934); James Peale (1749 - 1831); Albin Polášek (1879 - 1965); Hovsep T. Pushman (1877 - 1966); Brenda Putnam (1890 - 1975); Henry Ward Ranger (1858 - 1916); Frank Reaugh (1860 - 1945); Odilon Redon (1840 - 1916); Lucy Fairfield Perkins Ripley (1874 - 1949); Albert Pinkham Ryder (1847 - 1917); Chauncey Foster Ryder (1868 - 1949); Augustus Saint-Gaudens (1848 - 1907); Eugene Francis Savage (1883 - 1978); Janet Scudder (1869 - 1940); Eugenie Frederica Shonnard (1886 - 1978); Martha Simkins (1866 - 1969); John French Sloan (1871 - 1951); Serafim Nikolaevich Soudbinine (1867 - 1944); Arthur Prince Spear (1879 - 1959); George Gardner Symons (1863 - 1930); Grace Helen Talbot (1901); Edmund Charles Tarbell (1862 - 1938); Abbott Handerson Thayer (1849 - 1921); Dwight William Tryon (1849 - 1925); Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775 - 1851); John Henry Twachtman (1853 - 1902); Walter Ufer (1876 - 1936); André Léon Vivrel (1886 - 1976); Horatio Walker (1858 - 1938); Abel George Warshawsky (1883 - 1962); Frederick Judd Waugh (1861 - 1940); Benjamin West (1738 - 1820); Alexander Helwig Wyant (1836 - 1892); Mahonri MacKintosh Young (1877 - 1957); Félix Ziem (1821 - 1911); Ignacio Zuloaga y Zabaleta (1870 - 1945);
Retrospective Collection of French Art, 1870–1910 (1/3) - Luxembourg Museum, Paris - Paintings
The Detroit Institute of Arts	G	Mar 1917 - Mar 1917	Detroit	(267)	+0

Retrospective Collection of French Art, 1870–1910 (1/3) - 'Luxembourg Museum, Paris - Paintings' The Detroit Institute of Arts , United States Detroit, United States Jules Bastien-Lepage (1848 - 1884); Paul Jacques Aimé Baudry (1828 - 1886); Jean Joseph Benjamin Constant (1845 - 1902); Paul Albert Besnard (1849 - 1934); Léon Joseph Florentin Bonnat (1833 - 1922); Eugène Louis Boudin (1824 - 1898); Jules Adolphe Breton (1827 - 1906); Alexandre Cabanel (1823 - 1889); [Charles Auguste Émile Durand] Carolus-Duran (1837 - 1917); Eugène Carrière (1849 - 1906); Paul Cézanne (1839 - 1906); Gustave-Henri Colin (1828 - 1910); Fernand Cormon (1845 - 1924); Pascal Adolphe Jean Dagnan-Bouveret (1852 - 1929); Adolphe Dechénaud (1868 - 1929); Alfred Dehodencq (1822 - 1882); Jules Élie Delaunay (1828 - 1891); Marcellin Desboutin (1823 - 1902); Victoria Dubourg (1840 - 1925); Jean Alexandre Joseph Falguière (1831 - 1900); Henri Fantin-Latour (1836 - 1904); François Flameng (1856 - 1923); Claude-Ferdinand Gaillard (1834 - 1887); Henri Gervex (1852 - 1929); Jean Baptiste Antoine Guillemet (1843 - 1918); Henri-Joseph Harpignies (1819 - 1916); Antoine-Auguste-Ernest Herbert (1817 - 1908); Jean-Jacques Henner (1829 - 1905); Jean-Paul Laurens (1838 - 1921); Alphonse Legros (1837 - 1911); Louis-Auguste Lepère (1849 - 1918); Léon Augustin Lhermitte (1844 - 1925); Maurice Lobre (1862 - 1951); Édouard Manet (1832 - 1883); Luc-Olivier Merson (1846 - 1920); Louis Mettling (1847 - 1904); Claude Monet (1840 - 1926); Gustave Moreau (1826 - 1898); Aimé-Nicolas Morot (1850 - 1913); Alphonse Marie de Neuville (1835 - 1885); Jules-Ernest Panis (1827 - 1895); Camille Pissarro (1830 - 1903); Pierre Cécile Puvis de Chavannes (1824 - 1898); Jean-François Raffaëlli (1850 - 1924); Guillaume Urbain Régamey (1837 - 1875); Auguste [Pierre-Auguste] Renoir (1841 - 1919); Théodule Augustin Ribot (1823 - 1891); Alfred Philippe Roll (1846 - 1919); Ferdinand Roybet (1840 - 1920); Alfred Sisley (1839 - 1899); James [Jacques-Joseph] Tissot (1836 - 1902); François [Francis Miel] Vernay (1821 - 1896); Antoine Vollon (1833 - 1900); Félix Ziem (1821 - 1911);
Französische Kunst des 19. Jahrhunderts
Galerie Heinemann	G	Apr 1913 - Apr 1913	München	(286)	+0

Französische Kunst des 19. Jahrhunderts Galerie Heinemann , Germany München, Germany Antoine-Louis Barye (1796 - 1875); Rosa Bonheur (1822 - 1899); Eugène Louis Boudin (1824 - 1898); Adolphe-Félix Cals (1810 - 1880); Eugène Carrière (1849 - 1906); Jean-Charles Cazin (1841 - 1901); Paul Cézanne (1839 - 1906); Théodore Chassériau (1819 - 1856); Antoine Chintreuil (1814 - 1873); Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot (1796 - 1875); Gustave Courbet (1819 - 1877); Thomas Couture (1815 - 1879); Charles-François Daubigny (1817 - 1878); Honoré Daumier (1808 - 1879); Alexandre Gabriel Decamps (1803 - 1860); Edgar Degas (1834 - 1917); Eugène Delacroix (1798 - 1863); Narcisse Virgilio Díaz de la Peña (1808 - 1876); Jules Dupré (1811 - 1889); Léon Victor Dupré (1816 - 1879); Henri Fantin-Latour (1836 - 1904); Jean-Louis Forain (1852 - 1931); Eugène Fromentin (1820 - 1876); Paul Gauguin (1848 - 1903); Théodore Géricault (1791 - 1824); Paul Guigou (1834 - 1871); Armand Guillaumin (1841 - 1927); Henri-Joseph Harpignies (1819 - 1916); Jean-Jacques Henner (1829 - 1905); Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (1780 - 1867); Louis Gabriel Eugène Isabey (1803 - 1886); Charles-Émile Jacque (1813 - 1894); Johan Barthold Jongkind (1819 - 1891); Stanislas Lépine (1835 - 1892); Léon Augustin Lhermitte (1844 - 1925); Édouard Manet (1832 - 1883); Prosper Georges Antoine Marilhat (1811 - 1847); Georges Michel (1763 - 1843); Jean-François Millet (1814 - 1875); Claude Monet (1840 - 1926); Adolphe Joseph Monticelli (1824 - 1886); Gustave Moreau (1826 - 1898); Camille Pissarro (1830 - 1903); Pierre Paul Prud'hon (1758 - 1823); Pierre Cécile Puvis de Chavannes (1824 - 1898); Jean-François Raffaëlli (1850 - 1924); Auguste [Pierre-Auguste] Renoir (1841 - 1919); Théodule Augustin Ribot (1823 - 1891); Louis Gustave Ricard (1823 - 1873); Théodore Rousseau (1812 - 1867); Alfred Sisley (1839 - 1899); Octave Tassaert (1800 - 1874); Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1864 - 1901); Constant Troyon (1810 - 1865); Antoine Vollon (1833 - 1900); Félix Ziem (1821 - 1911); Auguste Marie Boulard (1825 - 1897);